Amarakosha : Various names for sky, cloud, thunder, lightning!

We often come across terms for sky, clouds, thunder while reading Sanskrit texts and given below are the synonyms

Shared by Sandeep Nangia

Names for cloud

अभ्रं मेघो वारिवाहः स्तनयित्नुर्बलाहकः॥ धाराधरो जलधरस्तडित्वान् वारिदोऽम्बुभृत्। घनजीमूतमुदिरजलमुग्धूमयोनयः॥ #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 28, 2014

Cloud: The break up of the words

अभ्रम् मेघः वारिवाहः स्तनयित्नुः बलाहकः धाराधरः जलधरः तडित्वान् वारिदः अम्बुभृत् घनः जीमूतः मुदिरः जलमुक् धूमयोनिः = cloud. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 28, 2014

Pertaining to clouds and thunder

कादम्बिनी मेघमाला त्रिषु मेघभवेऽभ्रियम्। स्तनितं गर्जितं मेघनिर्घोषे रसिताऽदि च॥ #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 29, 2014

कादम्बिनी & मेघमाला are bank or long line of clouds. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 29, 2014

अभ्रियम् = belonging to clouds. Used in all three genders. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 29, 2014

स्तनितम् गर्जितम् & रसितम् etc. are names for rattling of thunder. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 29, 2014

Synonyms of lightning in this verse:

शम्पा शतह्रदा ह्रादिनी ऐरावती क्षणप्रभा तडित् सौदामनि (सौदामिनि) विद्युत् चञ्चला चपला are synonyms of lightning. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 30, 2014

Clap of Thunder, Flash of lightning, rainbow in this verse:

स्फूर्जथुर्वज्रनिर्घोषो मेघज्योतिरिरंमदः। इन्द्रायुधं शक्रधनुस्तदेव ऋजुरोहितम्॥ #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 31, 2014

The break up:

Clap of thunder

स्फूर्जथुः & वज्रनिर्घोषः are synonyms of clap of thunder. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 31, 2014

Flash of lightning

मेघज्योतिः & इरंमदः are synonyms of a flash of lightning. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 31, 2014

Rainbow

इन्द्रायुधम् शक्रधनुः & ऋजुरोहितम् are synonyms of rainbow. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 31, 2014

Names for Sky

द्योदिवौ द्वे स्त्रियामभ्रं व्योम पुष्करमम्बरम्। नभोऽन्तरिक्षं गगनमनन्तं सुरवर्त्म खम्॥ वियद् विष्णुपदं वा तु पुंस्याकाशविहायसी। #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 20, 2014

Sky: The break-up of the words

Fem. द्यो द्यौः. Neuter अभ्रम् व्योम पुष्करम् अम्बरम् नभः अन्तरिक्षम् गगनम् अनन्तम् सुरवर्त्म खम् वियत् विष्णुपदम् Sky in #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 20, 2014

Masc. आकाशः विहायः Sky in #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 20, 2014

Hail and cloudy day 

वर्षोपलस्तु करका मेघच्छन्नेऽह्नि दुर्दिनम् । #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) November 2, 2014

वर्षोपलः & करका are synonyms of hail. दुर्दिनम् is the clouded day. #amarakosha
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) November 2, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 28.10.14 - Devi Mahatmyam, Ch I, Vs 50, 51, 52, 53

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 28.10.14 - देवीमाहात्म्यम्, Ch I, Vs 50, 51, 52, 53

Class taken by Narayanan Namboodiri

Sat Sri Akal and welcome all to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour with the one and only @PnNamboo Welcome back Sir!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

धन्यवादाः @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

सर्वेभ्यः नमस्काराः, संस्कृतास्वादने सुस्वागतम् च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Having done Ramodantam, I shift to देवीमाहत्म्यम् today.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Planned this during Pooja holidays but that could n't be.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Most of you know the story but here is a very brief intro as a background for the day’s session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

देवीमाहात्म्यम्, also known as चण्डी, दुर्गासप्तशती etc. is part of the Markandeya Puranam.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

देवीमाहात्म्यम् is the glory - माहात्म्यम् - of the Goddess narranted in 13 Chapters,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<< as told by Sage Sumedhas to King Suratha and Samadhi, a vaishya.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

It has three Avatars of the Devi:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

तामसाविर्भावः, मधुकैटभवधः - प्रथमोऽध्यायः (Chapter 1)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

राजसाविर्भावः, महिषासुरवधः - अध्यायाः Ch. 2-5
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

& सात्विकाविर्भावः, सुम्भनिसुम्भवधः - अध्यायाः Ch 5- 11
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

In Chapter 1, the grieving King and Vaishya escape into the forest, and seeks refuge in Sage Sumedhas.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

The sage explains Maya, which is the cause of all human sufferings.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Seeking enlightenment, they request the Sage to narrate the glory of the Goddess, महामाया which he does.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

After hearing देवीमाहात्म्यम्, they propitiate the Goddess - भुक्तिमुक्तिप्रदायिनी by prolonged austerities as advised by the sage.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Pleased, the Goddess grants them their desires-
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Salvation (मुक्तिः) for the Vaishya and kingdom (भुक्तिः), for the King. This is the subject of Chapters 12 & 13.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Learn about the three avataars of Devi in DevimahAtmyam in #Sanskrit Follow @PnNamboo conducting #SanskritAppreciationHour right now!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

प्रथमाध्यायस्य केचन श्लोकाः अद्य पठाम । Today we see few verses from Chapter 1.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@samjignyasu @vinaykr91 @SNChd I think कांश्चन श्लोकान् (सत्वसन्धिः) कान् + चन
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

And we do the analysis – अन्वयः to understand them.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

अग्रे सरम वा? Any questions before we proceed?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo माहात्म्यम्=> किमर्थं वृद्धिरत्र |
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014

@haritirumalai नावगतम् महोदय?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo महात्मनः माहात्म्यम् (वृद्धि:) अनेन देवीमाहात्म्यम् इति किल |
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014

At the time of the Mahapralaya, Lord Vishnu is in Yoganidra on the serpent Adishesha in the waters of deluge.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Here is Verse 50: योगनिद्रां यदा विष्णुर्जगत्येकार्णवीकृते । आस्तीर्य शेषमभजत् कल्पान्ते भगवान् प्रभुः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

And we take the पदच्छेदः योगनिद्रां यदा विष्णुः जगति एकार्णवीकृते आस्तीर्य शेषम् अभजत् कल्पान्ते भगवान् प्रभुः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo अन्वय from अनु+इ the logical order or connection of words in a sentence. lit. how words go after one another...
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo the splitting or dividing of words (छिद् class 7 - to cut, separate, divide)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

“यदा” here indicates that this Verse is only one part of the अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

We have seen combinations like यदा/कदा, (when/then) and यथा/तथा etc.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Next Verse, with “तदा” will make the complete अन्वयः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

We look for क्रियापदम् which is – अभजत्, engaged in and ल्यबन्तम् – आस्तीर्य, having spread (as bed) –
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Complete this ल्यबन्तम् clause as - “शेषम् आस्तीर्य”, having (serpent) Shesha as bed (On shesha, as bed)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now we also take the सति-सप्तमी clause - See 2 सप्तमी words (जगति & एकार्णवीकृते)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति), when the world dissolved and became one ocean
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Q - कदा? When? A - कल्पान्ते । at the end of Kalpa
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

So this clause is - कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<< At the Kalpapralaya, the great dissolution.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo सति-सप्तमी for those not familiar, is a locative absolute - giving the sense of time 'when' xyz #Sanskrit #Grammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

अन्वयरचना- कर्तृपदम् – भगवान्, God, Vishnu प्रभुः, Lord इति विशेषणम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Start अन्वयः with - प्रभुः भगवान् निद्राम् अभजत् । Lord Vishnu was engaged in sleep
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Was sleeping
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

किं कृत्वा? Add ल्यबन्तम् to get: प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् । Lord Vishnu was sleeping on Sesha as the bed.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo ल्यबन्तम् is one form of the Sanskrit gerund - normally but not always indicating an action that has been done before another one
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

Q – कदा? When? Add the सति-सप्तमी clause to get: कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति), प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<< At the great dissolution (कल्पप्रलये) Lord Vishnu went to sleep on Sesha as the bed.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo एक अर्णव कृते so at the time of dissolution everything will become like one ocean? Is that what it means Sir?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Yes,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Thus we have अन्वयः of this verse (Sentence with यदा) --- यदा कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति) प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now तदा clause - Verse 51: तदा द्वावसुरौ घोरौ विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ । विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ हन्तुं ब्रह्माणमुद्यतौ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Sandhi Quiz – Name the Sandhi at द्वावसुरौ?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo एचोsयवायावः :)
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo द्वौ असुरौ ?
— Vinay KR (@vinaykr91) October 28, 2014

द्वौ + असुरौ = द्वावसुरौ - यान्तावान्तादेशसन्धिः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Q - कदा? When? A - कल्पान्ते । at the end of Kalpa
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@sudarshanhs वराहकल्पम् इति व? अहं न जानमि ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@sudarshanhs If regular sankalpa is right, yes we are in Shveta Varaha Kalpa, vaivastava manvantara @RohiniBakshi @PnNamboo
— Marudupandiyar (@chandrasuren) October 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi द्वौ, असुरौ, घोरौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ - all द्विवचने। उद्यतौ अपि ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

पदच्छेदः तदा द्वौ असुरौ घोरौ विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ हन्तुम् ब्रह्माणं उद्यतौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

द्वौ, असुरौ, घोरौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ कर्तृपदम् & कर्तृपदविशेषणम् – Subject and adjectives all in द्विवचनम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

And we see no क्रियापदम् – So what do we do?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Bringing verb “आस्ताम्”

अतः “आस्ताम्” इति अध्याहारः । We bring in the Verb for clarity. Also is in द्विवचनम् to match कर्तृपदम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo Ah. The beauty of the #Sanskrit Language. I don't think this is possible in any other language :-)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

& तुमुन्नन्तम्, हन्तुम् - complete this as:– “ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम्”, to kill Brhma
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Brahma had appeared in the lotus from the Lord’s navel.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

अन्वयरचना – तदा द्वौ असुरौ आस्ताम् । Then there were two demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo Pun Intended :) विष्णोः कर्णोद्भूतौ द्वावसुरौ मधुकैटभौ | जह्नो: कर्णोद्भूता पवित्राभूत् हि त्रिपथगा ||
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo अध्याहार the act of supplying (what is missing and needed to complete the sentence) from adhi-āhāra
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

Taking the adjectives, - विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, borne out of the dirt from Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

- विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, famous (known as) Madhu and Kaitabha
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo and as every one can now see आस्ताम् (supplied verb) is in dual form to agree with the two asuras. #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

In the कल्पप्रलय, earth dissolved into the ocean waters and got deposited as dirt in Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Towards the end of प्रलय, the lord drops it back into the ocean and it becomes two demons.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

And the names of the demons signify two characteristics of पृथ्वी – earth.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

यन्मृदुत्वात् मधुर्नाम; कठिनः कैटभश्च । मधु formed from earth’s softness and कैटभः out of its hardness.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

and one more adjective - घोरौ, ferocious
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Add these adjs. to get: तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, द्वौ घोरौ असुरौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi I have no idea.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<< Then there were two ferocious demons known as Madhu and Kitabha born out of the dirt from Lord Vishnu’s ears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Let us proceed with the अन्वयः - Q – असुरौ पुनः कीदृशौ आस्ताम्? One more adjective A – उद्यतौ आस्ताम् । They were ready, eager
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Q – किं कर्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम्? Take the तुमुन्नन्तम् – ब्रह्माणं हन्तुं उद्यतौ आस्ताम्, ready to kill Brahma
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

अन्वयः - तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, घोरौ द्वौ असुरौ ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now अन्वयः of the 2 verses togeher: यदा कल्पान्ते जगति एकार्णवीकृते (सति) प्रभुः भगवान् शेषम् आस्तीर्य निद्राम् अभजत् >>>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

तदा, विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ, विख्यातौ मधुकैटभौ, द्वौ घोरौ असुरौ ब्रह्माणं हन्तुम् उद्यतौ आस्ताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Just imagine the scene: Lord Vishnu sleeping in Yoganidra on Asdishesha in the ocean,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Brahma seated on the lotus of Lord’s navel,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

and two ferocious demons Madhu and Kaitabha coming to kill Brahma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

If there are no questions we take the next Verse.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

अग्रे सरम वा? Ready for another verse?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo Beginners please note that the visarga of [अग्रे] सराम​: has been dropped by sandhi rules before the वा #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

two verses 51/52 together: स नाभिकमले विष्णोः स्थितो ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः । दृष्ट्वा तावसुरौ चोग्रौ प्रसुप्तं च जनार्दनम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

and तुष्टाव योगनिद्रां ताम् एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः । प्रबोधनार्थाय हरेर्हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

पदच्छेदः सः नाभिकमले विष्णोः स्थितः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः दृष्ट्वा तौ असुरौ च उग्रौ प्रसुप्तम् च जनार्दनम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<<< तुष्टाव योगनिद्रां ताम् एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः प्रबोधनार्थाय हरेः हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

क्रियपदम् – तुष्टाव – Praised through prayers, लिट्, प्र.पु, ए.व and क्त्वान्तम् – दृष्ट्वा, having seen
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Let us complete this clause first: कौ दृष्ट्वा? Having seen whom? तौ उग्रौ असुरौ च दृष्ट्वा, and having seen those two ferocious demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

पुनः कं च दृष्ट्वा? प्रसुप्तं जनार्दनं च दृष्ट्वा, and seeing Janardana, Vishnu fast asleep
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now we have the ल्यान्तम् clause - “तौ उग्रौ असुरौ प्रसुप्तं जनार्दनं च दृष्ट्वा”, having seen two ferocious demons and sleeping Janardana.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

The demons are coming to kill him and the only one who can protect him, Lord Vishnu is in Yoganidra under the influence of Maya.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo क्त्वान्तम् is another form of the #Sanskrit gerund.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

So what does he do? starts praying to महामाया ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

कर्तृपदम् – ब्रह्मा, Brahma Again many adjectives…. - विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः, seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

- सः प्रजापतिः, That Prajapati and एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः, single minded, with full concentration
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

अन्वयरचना Start with – सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः तां योगनिद्रां तुष्टाव । That parjapati Brahma started praising the Yoganidra.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Adding the adjectives, विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo तुष्टाव is 1st person, singular, perfect from the root स्तु - to praise from which we also get stuti and stotra.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

<<<< That parjapati Brahma seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel , praised the Yoganidra with full concentration.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now take the adj for the कर्मपदम् – कीदृशीं योगनिद्राम्? हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम्, who was residing in Hari’s (Vishnu’s) eyes
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

महामाया as योगनिद्रा is settled in Vishnu’s eyes – representing the period of unmanifestation.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

During the कल्पप्रलय, माया also withdraws/ dissolves into Vishnu making him also inactive.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

When the lord desires creation (सिसृक्षा) again Maya appears (separated from HIM) to assist in creation.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo सिसृक्षा fem noun formed from the desiderative stem सिसृक्ष् (desire to create) from the root सृज् (to create) #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

Now we get – विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

<<< That parjapati Brahma seated on the lotus of lord Vishnu’s navel , praised Yoganidra, residing in Vishnu’s eyes.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

One more Question to complete अन्वयः Q - किमर्थं तुष्टाव? Why did he start praising? A - विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय, to awaken Vishnu.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Now we get – विष्णोः नाभिकमले स्थितः सः ब्रह्मा प्रजापतिः विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय हरिनेत्रकृतालयाम् तां योगनिद्रां एकाग्रहृदयस्थितः तुष्टाव ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

The next 17 verses are the paryers of Brhma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

any questions?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Thanks everyone.Thats the end of today's session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

over to @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@PnNamboo Wow! Sir, that was absolutely fantastic. We haven't has so much participation in a long time. Thanks to your unique presentation!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

धन्यवादाः, पुनर्मिलाम ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

Please join me in thanking @PnNamboo Sir for taking the time and trouble to prepare this session for us. #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Me too, enjoyed it. Learning and teaching, its a wonderful & fulfilling experience
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Definitely with pleasure.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 28, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 24.10.14 Damayanti's Swayamvara from Nalopakhyāna (Mahabharata)

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 24.10.14 from Nalopakhyāna (Mahabharata) - Damayanti's Swayamvara - taken by Rohini Bakshii

Today's Sanskrit hour is by Rohini Bakshi.  Recording these sessions in this blog allows me time to go back at leisure and learn, reflect. Read the story of Damayanti's swayamvara!

Sat Sri Akal & welcome all to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour. After Diwali I thought a Mahabharata story might be refreshing!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

We did some verses from Nalopakhyāna about two years back and a lot of the newcomers may not have seen these (pre-storify days!) @gansbox
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

Nalopakhyāna or the sub-story of Nala is found in the Vana parvan of the Mahabhārata. It is related by बृहदश्व to give आश्वासन​ to युधिष्ठिर
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

>> who is understandably dejected having just lost his entire kingdom and been exiled to the forest. Is there anyone more unfortunate than>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

>me? He wants to know. So the good sage relates the story of Nala to him. Today's verses relate to the svayamvara of Damayanti and her>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

interaction with the devas. So beautiful is this princess of Vidarbha, that even the devas Indra, Agni, Yama and Varuṇa decide to come along
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

They all take the form of Nala, so that she might choose one of them. Now Vidarbha, for those who don't know corresponds to the modern>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

districts of Amravati and Nagpur. So this story goes out to all the smart and beautiful women of this area :-) #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

The verses can be found starting fm 3.54.11 of the Critical Edition. Local rescensions may vary marginally.So there she is garland in hand>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

यं यं हि ददृशे तेषां तं तं मेने नलं नृपम् (उन में से जिस जिस को [दमयंती ने] देखा उसी को नल सोचा) सा चिन्तयन्ती बुद्ध्याथ तर्कयाम् आस भामिनी
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

यं यं हि indeed who-so-ever ददृशे [she] looked at तेषां among them तं तं each one मेने [she] thought नलं नृपम was king Nala (Note: लिट्)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi ददृशे is not correct, right? Shld be ददर्श ।
— गुरुप्रसादः (@bangalorehuduga) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi ददृशे from दृश्-कर्मणिप्रयोगः लिट् लकारः उ-पुरुषः एकवचनम् no? Like ददृशे-ददृशिवहे-ददृशिमहे @bangalorehuduga
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi मन् धातो: कर्मणिप्रयोगे लिट्-लकार-उ-पुरुष-एकवचन-रूपम् "मेने" इत्येव खलु | @bangalorehuduga
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 24, 2014

सा she भामिनी radiant lady, चिन्तयन्ती thinking बुद्धय having perceived, अथ then तर्कयामास deliberated (note periphrastic perfect तर्कयामास)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

कथं नु देवाञ्जानीयां कथं विद्यां नलं नृपम् एवं संचिन्तयन्ती सा वैदर्भी भृशदुःखिता श्रुतानि देवलिङ्गानि चिन्तयामास भारत #Damayanti #Sanskrit
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

And how did she deliberate? She's got 5 identical chaps in front of her, and she can't tell them apart. Quite a predicament in a svayamvara!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

एवं in this manner सा वैदर्भी that one of Vidharbha भृशदुःखिता greatly afflicted संचिन्तयन्ती pondering >>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

Note that चिन्तयन्ती and संचिन्तयन्ती are feminine present participles giving the English sense of *ing; thinking, pondering. #Grammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

कथं नु देवान् जानीयाम् how are the devas to be known कथं विद्याम् नलं नृपम् how is Nala to be discerned? #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

श्रुतानि देवलिङ्गानि the marks pertaining to devas तर्कयामास (she) considered भारत O King (युधिष्ठिर​) Note the neuter plural देवलिङ्गानि &
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

भारत here is a vocative for युधिष्ठिर, as you recall, the story is being told to give him home in his dark hour...
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

Her thoughts: देवानां यानि लिङ्गानि स्थविरेभ्यः श्रुतानि मे तानीह तिष्ठतां भूमावेकस्यापि न लक्षये सा विनिश्चित्य बहुधा विचार्य च पुनः पुनः
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

यानि those देवानां लिङ्गानि marks of the devas स्थविरेभ्यः from aged men श्रुतानि मे I have heard तानि those (signs) इह भूमौ here on earth
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

तिष्ठतां of those that stay एकस्य अपि न लक्षये of even one is not to be seen. I.e she has heard from elders that the marks of the devas>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

cannot be seen in anybody who dwells on this earth, in her loka. #SanskritAppreciationHour. So now what is she to do? How to recognise Nala?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सा विनिश्चित्य बहुधा विचार्य च पुनः पुनः शरणं प्रति देवानां प्राप्तकालम् अमन्यत वाचा च मनसा चैव नमस्कारं प्रयुज्य सा #SanskritAppreciation
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सा पुनः पुनः विचार्य बहुधा विनिश्चित्य च She having thought about it again and again in many ways, firmly resolved>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

[सा] अमन्यत She thought प्राप्तकालम् the right time has come शरणं प्रति देवानां to take refuge with i.e. turn to the devas [for help].
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

Now we'll skip a few verses - the epics can take there own sweet time to get to the point :-) ...
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

She appeals to the devas& they,recognising her nobility and love for Nala, reveal themselves.And we learn of the signs that distinguish them
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सापश्यद् विबुधान् सर्वान् अस्वेदान् स्तब्धलोचनान् हृषितस्रग्रजोहीनान् स्थितान् अस्पृशतः क्षितिम् #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सा अपश्यत् she saw विबुधान् सर्वान् all the gods अस्वेदान् not sweating (without sweat) स्तब्धलोचनान् with fixed (unblinking) eyes>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सा अपश्यत् she saw विबुधान् सर्वान् all the gods अस्वेदान् not sweating (without sweat) स्तब्धलोचनान् with fixed (unblinking) eyes>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

So that's how you tell a deva from us beings. They don't sweat (so no Axe or Lynx required :-)) and they don't blink - and there's more>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Just to note, स्वेद etym.origin of sweat :)
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) October 24, 2014

हृषित-स्रग्-रजोहीनान् garlands un-withered and without any dust स्थितान् अस्पृशतः क्षितिम् seated/standing without touching the earth.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

So their garlands remain ever fresh, and no dust settles on them. Most importantly, they kind of float a bit -bodies don't touch the ground.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi this स्थितान् अस्पृशतः क्षितिम् "without touching the earth" is interesting. Was this how Hiranyakashipu was tricked?
— Shefaly (@shefaly) October 24, 2014

And how does the handsome Nala compare to these divine beings? (A bit much I thought that they should try to take his bride!!!)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

छायाद्वितीयो म्लानस्रग् रजःस्वेदसमन्वितः भूमिष्ठो नैषधश् चैव निमेषेण च सूचितः #SanskritAppreciationHour #Nala #Mahabharata
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

छायाद्वितीयो the other, with a shadow म्लानस्रग् रजः with a dusty garland स्वेदसमन्वितः full of perspiration (how unromantic!!)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Should be withered garland, dust and sweat युक्तः as opposed to हृषितस्रक् ।
— Ranga (@samjignyasu) October 24, 2014

भूमिष्ठो seated on the ground नैषधश् चैव निमेषेण च सूचितः Nala-नैषध identified or recognised by the blinking of his eyes. #SanskritHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

And true to her word and her love, despite the fact that Nala is not a deva, she chooses him as per her vow to marry him:
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

सा समीक्ष्य she having perceived/seen ततो देवान् those devas पुण्यश्लोकं च and Nala भारत O King (Yudhishthira) [पुण्यश्लोक=Nala]
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

नैषधं वरयाम् आस भैमी धर्मेण भारत - O King, she chose (in marriage) the king of the Nishadas. भैमी is an epithet of Damayanti like वैदर्भी
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi वरयामास no? लिट्
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 24, 2014

@SNChd yes and these are the two components वरयाम् + आस split it to explain the periphrastic to beginners. vR>varaya+aam+aasa
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@SNChd Not sure what you mean. But maybe the answer is in here http://t.co/GPeiz46jDm
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi @SNChd This is allowed in this लिट् form
— Ranga (@samjignyasu) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi ओह्, भैमी-धर्मः, भैमीस्मृतिः are informal names used here for the Indian constitution...
— Sud (@sudarshanhs) October 24, 2014

@RohiniBakshi @sudarshanhs Damayanti was daughter of Bhima, the king of Vidarbha. Hence she is called Bhaimi.
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) October 25, 2014

That, brings us to the end of today's session. Hope you enjoyed it, &now you can identify devas if they're lurking in your svayamvara :-)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

Have a brilliant weekend, and continue to enjoy the festivities. See you all next week with more #SanskritAppreciationHour. Ciao for now!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 24, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 22.10.14 - End of Kishkindha Kanda and few verses from Adhyatma Ramayana - Yuddhakanda

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 22.10.2014 - End of Kishkindha Kanda and few verses from अध्यात्मरामायणम् - युद्धकाण्ड: Adhyatma Ramayana - Yuddhakanda

Class Taken by Narayanan Namboodiri

Happy Diwali and Seasons Greetings to all. Start your new year with some #Sanskrit at 2.30pm IST with @PnNamboo #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

Sat Sri Akal! A Very Happy Diwali to all, and welcome to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour with @PnNamboo
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

सर्वेभ्यः नमस्काराः, दीपावलिः शुभाशयाश्च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

I hope you all recall the sessions we had - Ramodantam Kishkindha kanda
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

So far, we covered 15 verses of Kishkindha Kanda. And we move on.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Sugrivaa had made arrangements to search for Sita by sending his army of monkeys in all the four directions.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

But Sri Rama knew who will ultimately find her. See what he does when they were leaving.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Verse 16: ततो हनूमतः पाणौ ददौ रामोऽङ्गुलीयकम् । विश्वासाय तु वैदेह्या तद्गृहीत्वा स निर्ययौ ॥ १६ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

पदच्छेदः ततः हनूमतः पाणौ ददौ रामः अङ्गुलीयकम् विश्वासाय तु वैदेह्याः तत् गृहीत्वा सः निर्ययौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

श्लोके ददौ, निर्ययौ इति द्वे क्रियापदे स्तः । अतः अन्वये वाक्यद्वयं भवति ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

2 Verbs in the verse. Hence 2 sentences in अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

अन्वयरचना प्रथमवाक्यम् - क्रियपदम्, ददौ, Gave लिट्, प, प्र, ए.व
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Start with – ततः रामः तु अङ्गुलीयकं ददौ । Then Rama gave ring
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q - कुत्र ददौ? A - हनूमतः पाणौ, In Hanauman’s hand
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q – कस्मै (किमर्थम्) अङ्गुलीयकं ददौ? Gave ring for what? A - वैदेह्याः विश्वासाय अङ्गुलीयकं ददौ | Gave ring for the belief of Vaidehi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

No we get, ततः रामः तु वैदेह्याः विश्वासाय हनूमतः पाणौ अङ्गुलीयकं ददौ । Then Rama gave a ring in Hanuman’s hand for the trust of Sita
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Now द्वितीयवाक्यम् - क्रियपदम्, निर्ययौ, went (निर् + ययौ), लिट्, प, प्र, ए.व
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

and क्त्वान्तम् – गृहीत्वा, having taken तत् गृहीत्वा, having taken that (Ring)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Start with - सः निर्ययौ । He went, left
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q – किं कृत्वा? Add the क्त्वान्तम् clause to get – तत् गृहीत्वा सः निर्ययौ । He took it (ring) and left
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

श्लोकान्वयः ततः रामः तु वैदेह्याः विश्वासाय हनूमतः पाणौ अङ्गुलीयकं ददौ । तत् गृहीत्वा सः निर्ययौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

<<<< Then Rama gave a ring in Hanuman’s hand for Sita’s belief. He accepted it and went away.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

The group with Angada, Hanuman etc travels south looking for Sita & finally reaches the south sea which was impossible to cross.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Ttired and dejected, they decide to give up their lives, rather than return empty handed.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

That is when wise old Jambavan appears.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

He calls Hanuman aside and reminds him about his strength and greatness - Son of all powerful Vayu who can easily cross the ocean.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Here is Verse 20: स्वप्रभावप्रशंसाभिस्तदा जाम्बवदुक्तिभिः । संवर्धितो महेन्द्राद्रिमारुरोहानिलात्मजः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

पदच्छेदः स्वप्रभावप्रशंसाभिः तदा जाम्बवदुक्तिभिः संवर्धितः महेन्द्राद्रिम् आरुरोह अनिलात्मजः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

क्रियापदम् – आरुरोह्, climbed – लिट् लकारः, प, प्र, ए.व कर्तृपदम् – अनिलात्मजः, Son of Vayu, Hanuman
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

कर्तृपदविशेषणम् - संवर्धितः, grown in size, क्तान्तम् पदम् कर्मण्यर्थे
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

कैः संवर्धितः? By what? स्वप्रभावप्रशंसाभिः जाम्बवदुक्तिभिः संवर्धितः । Grown in size by Jambavan’s words of praise abt his greatness(power)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

अन्वयः - Start with: तदा अनिलात्मजः महेन्द्राद्रिम् आरुरोह । Then Son of Vayu (Hanuman) climbed the mount Mahendra
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Adding the कर्तृपद विशेषणम् we get श्लोकान्वयः तदा स्वप्रभावप्रशंसाभिः जाम्बवदुक्तिभिः संवर्धितः अनिलात्मजः महेन्द्राद्रिम् आरुरोह ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Meaning already explained.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Then Hanuman starts growing in size in front of the assembled monkeys and climbs Mahendra mountain, ready to leap across the ocean.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Thus, we come to the end of Kishkindha kanda ॥ इति स्रीरामोदन्ते किष्किन्धाकाण्डः सपाप्तः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

प्रश्नाः सन्ति वा? Any Questions?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Dipavali is also a celebration linked to Sri Rama’s return to Ayodhya from his exile in forest.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Hence on Divali eve, let us take a few verses from अध्यात्मरामायणम् - युद्धकाण्ड:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

So if no Questions, we move on to युद्धकाण्डः - अध्यत्मरामायणम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

युद्धकाण्डः- अध्यात्मरामायणम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Moving fast forward... this is now after the battle, Ravana killed and Sita back with Rama
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

And returning to Ayodhya in Pushpaka Vimana
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

While flying back in Pushpaka Vimanam, Rama points out to Sita important locations enroute- Rameshvaram, Pampa, Kishkindha etc
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

And narrates the events and happenings after their separation. Stopping at Kishkindha, they also take along the wives of the monkeys.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Before entering Ayodhya, Rama pays his respects to Sage Bharadvaja and sends Hanuman to meet Bharata at Nandigram.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Here is Bharata’s emotional reaction on hearing the good news from Hanuman –
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

For those not familiar अध्यात्म रामायण, it is a dialogue between Shiva/Parvati in Brahmānda Purana & extols the spiritual values of Ramayana
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

Verse 14-59: आलिङ्ग्य भरतः शीघ्रं मारुतिं प्रियवादिनम् । आनन्दजैरश्रुजलैः सिषेच भरतः कपिम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

पदच्छेदस्य आवश्यकता नास्ति – See one Visarga sandhi here. आनन्दजैः + अश्रुजलैः = आनन्दजैरश्रुजलैः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

अन्वयरचना क्रियापदम् - सिषेच, sprinkled wet - लिट्, प, प्र, ए.व ल्यबन्तम् – आलिङ्ग्य, having embraced Let us first complete this clause:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

भरतः आलिङ्ग्य, Bharata, having embraced Q - कथम् आलिङ्ग्य? A - शीघ्रम् आलिङ्ग्य, having embraced immediately
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q - कं शीघ्रम् आलिङ्ग्य? Embracing whom? A -प्रियवादिनं मारुतिं शीघ्रम् आलिङ्ग्य, having embraced Hanuman who was speaking words dear to him
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

We get: "भरतः प्रियवादिनं मारुतिं शीघ्रम् आलिङ्ग्य"
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

अन्वयरचना - Start with: भरतः कपिं सिषेच । Bharata sprinkled the monkey, Hanuman wet
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q – भरतः कपिं कैः सिषेच? by what did he sprinkle him? A – भरतः कपिं अश्रुजलैः सिषेच, Bharata sprinkled Hanuman wet by his tears
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q – कीदृशैः अश्रुजलैः? A - आनन्दजैः अश्रुजलैः सिषेच, by tears of joy
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Adding the ल्यबन्तम्, we get श्लोकान्वयः as भरतः प्रियवादिनं मारुतिं शीघ्रं आलिङ्ग्य. कपिम् आनदजैः अश्रुजलैः सिषेच ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Again FF - The preaprations of Ayodhya citizens for receiving their beloved Rama is summarised in here:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

But no mention of the दीपालङ्कारः ...
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Verse 14-71/72 भरतस्य वचः श्रुत्वा शत्रुघ्नपरिचोदिताः । अलञ्चक्रुश्च नगरीं मुक्तारत्नमयोज्ज्वलैः ॥ तोरणैश्च पताकाभिर्विचित्राभिरनेकधा ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

पदच्छेदः भरतस्य वचः श्रुत्वा शत्रुघ्नपरिचोदिताः अलञ्चक्रुः च नगरीं मुक्तारत्नमयोज्ज्वलैः तोरणैः च पताकाभिः विचित्राभिः अनेकधा
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

क्रियापदम् – अलञ्चक्रुः, decorated – लिट्, प्र.पु, ब.व
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

ल्यबन्तम् – श्रुत्वा भरतस्य वचः श्रुत्वा, hearing Bharata’s words (ordered by Bharata)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

कर्तृपदम् - शत्रुघ्नपरिचोदिताः, They, prompted by Shatrughna
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@RohiniBakshi षिञ् धातुः (सिञ्चति)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Checekd धातुपाठः It is "षिच" क्षरणे, तुदादिगणे
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

अन्वयः Start with – शत्रुघ्नपरिचोदिताः नगरीं अलञ्चक्रुः च | And prompted by Shatrughna, they decorated the city (Ayodhya)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q - कथम् अलञ्चक्रुः? A - अनेकधा अलञ्चक्रुः । Decorated in many, different ways.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Q- कैः अलञ्चक्रुः, decorated by what? A – तोरणैः पताकाभिः च, by arches and flags
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Add the विशेषणम् (Q – कीदृशैः? ) मुक्तारत्नमयोज्ज्वलैः तोरणैः विचित्राभिः पताकाभिः च नगरीं अलञ्चक्रुः,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@PnNamboo http://t.co/YqF8xXhTnF सिच् I think Sir. Class 6 verb.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

<<< decorated the city with arches having many shining pearls and jewels and wonderful flags
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Now we get: भरतस्य वचः श्रुत्वा, शत्रुघ्नपरिचोदिताः मुक्तारत्नमयोज्ज्वलैः तोरणैः विचित्राभिः पताकाभिः च नगरीं अलञ्चक्रुः च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Thats how the city was decorated for the grand return of Sri Rama.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Yes, आनदात् जातम् = आनन्दजम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@PnNamboo from अलम्+कृ and the म् becomes ञ् before च as per sandhi rules. #internalsandhi #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

Now the final verse for the day, Bharata’s words to Rama
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

after joining the his sandals which he had collected from him to Rama’s feet,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

symbolically handing over the kingdom which he had been ruling on his behalf back to him …
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Verse 14-94: अद्य मे सफलं जन्म फलितो मे मनोरथः । यत्पश्यामि समायातमयोध्यां त्वामहं प्रभो ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

पदच्छेदः अद्य मे सफलं जन्म फलितः मे मनोरथः यत् पश्यामि समायातम् अयोध्यां त्वाम् अहं प्रभो
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

I go on straight to अन्वयः - You nwill see why? Its quite simpale, but see the diff sentences with अध्याहारः (क्रियापदम्)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

प्रभो! अद्य मे जन्म सफलम् (अभवत्) । Oh Lord, My life’s purpose is now fullfilled.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

मे मनोरथः फलितः (अभवत्)। My wish is fullfilled. (He wanted to have Rama back and hand over the kingsom to him)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@PnNamboo Aah. You mean the act of supplying the verb. Now I get it (अध्याहारः)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

And why he feels so. See following explanation in the next part.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

यत् (because) अहं अयोध्यां समायातं त्वां पश्यामि । Because I am seeing you, returned to (back in) Ayodhya.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

प्रशंसार्हः भरत्स्य रामभक्तिः किल?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Should be *प्रशंसार्हा* - क्षम्यताम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

Now we come to end of today's session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

प्रश्नाः सन्ति वा?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@PnNamboo Thank you Sir, that was absolutely fantastic and so apt for today! #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014

महान् सन्तोषः - अस्मिन् शुभदिने अत्र मेलने
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

सर्वेभ्यः धन्यवादः,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) October 22, 2014

@PnNamboo Thank you Sir, that was absolutely fantastic and so apt for today! #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) October 22, 2014