#SanskritAppreciationHour - 18.11.14 - Devi Mahatmyam verses 68 to 74
By Narayanan Namboodiri
Chapter 1, verses 50 to 53 were done on 28.10.14. you can read the same here.
Sat Sri Akal and welcome all to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour with the one and only @PnNamboo Welcome back Sir!!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 18, 2014
सर्वेभ्यः नमस्काराः, संस्कृतास्वादने सुस्वागतम् च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
We did a session on देवीमाहात्म्यम् - Chapter 1, few weeks back.
We continue with few more Verses today.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
In the last session we saw -
कल्पान्तप्रलये, Brahma seated on lotus from the Lord Vishnu’s navel,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
He sees demons, Madhu & Kaitabha coming to kill him.
And Lord Vishnu is in योगनिद्रा ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
And in a desperate situation, what does one do?
So he starts parying to महामाया to awaken the Lord who is the only one to protect him.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
In these verses we see some special cases of अन्वयः like:
- अन्वयः of 2 verses forming part of a single sentence.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
- कर्मणि प्रयोगः, passive voice
- क्तवतु (in कर्तरि) & क्तान्तम् (कर्मणि) words usd in place of क्रियापदम् – भुतकालार्थे ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
- अध्याहारः - adding words for clarity for अन्वयः as required
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Here is the concluding verse of Brahma’s prayers:
Verse 68:
सुप्रबोधं जगत्स्वामी नीयतामच्युतो लघु ।
भावश्च क्रियतामस्य हन्तुमेतौ महासुरौ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
And the पदच्छेदः
सुप्रबोधं जगत्स्वामी नीयताम् अच्युतः लघु भावः च क्रियताम् अस्य हन्तुम् एतौ महासुरौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
See the verbs here in passive voice - कर्मणि प्रयोगे ।
द्वे क्रियापदे (2 Verbs) –
1. नीयताम्, may be led,made
2. क्रियताम्, may be done
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Both in कर्मणि, लोट् लकारः, प्र्.पु, ए.व
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Note –
कर्मणि प्रयोगे कर्तृपदम् तृतीयाविभक्तौ, कर्मपदम् प्रथमाविभक्तौ च भवति ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
अन्वयः – प्रथमवाक्यम्, Start with -
(भवत्या) सुप्रबोधं नीयताम् । May be led to wakefulness by you. (may be awakened by you)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Note the अध्याहारः - (भवत्या), by you – कर्तृपदम् in तृतीयाविभक्तिः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
And we ask series of Questions to complete the अन्वयः
Q - कथम् नीयताम्?
A - लघु नीयताम्, easily.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
that was क्रियाविशेषनम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Next Q - कः लघु सुप्रबोधं नीयताम्?
A - अच्युतः लघु सुप्रबोधं नीयताम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
We get the अन्वयः as -
(भवत्या) जगत्स्वामी अच्युतः लघु सुप्रबोधं नीयताम्। Lord of the World, Achyuta (Vishnu) may be easily awakened by you
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Next अन्वयः - द्वितीयवाक्यम्
क्रियापदम् – क्रियताम्
& तुमुन्नन्तम् – हन्तुम् – Complete this clause as -
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
“एतौ महासुरौ हन्तुम्”, to kill these two great demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Start अन्वयः -
(भवत्या) अस्य भावः च क्रियताम् । A wish be created by you in him.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
किं कर्तुम्? To do what? Add the तुमुन्नन्तम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
(भवत्या) एतौ महासुरौ हन्तुम् अस्य भावः च क्रियताम् । Let a wish to kill these two demons be created by you.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Translation of कर्मणि वक्यम् looks a bit odd. That means -
Or Vishnu may be made to think of killing these demons.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
@PnNamboo Sir as I have learned it, this is the polite imperative - loT, but polite. Would you say so also?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 18, 2014
@RohiniBakshi adverb @PnNamboo
— Sandeep Nangia (@SNChd) November 18, 2014
इदानीं श्लोकान्वयः -
(भवत्या) जगत्स्वामी अच्युतः लघु सुप्रबोधं नीयताम् । (भवत्या) एतौ महासुरौ हन्तुम् अस्य भावः च क्रियताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
@RohiniBakshi You mean request? Of course it is. Brahma is praying for her kindness.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
shall we proceed? अग्रे सराम वा?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Verse 69
And the Godess responds to Brahma’s prayers.
Verse 69:
एवं स्तुता तदा देवी तामसी तत्र वेधसा ।
विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय निहन्तुं मधुकैटभौ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
As you can see this verse consists of the कर्तृपदम् and its विशेषणम्s only ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
and अन्वयः will be completed with the next verse.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
पदच्छेदः
एवं स्तुता तदा देवी तामसी तत्र वेधसा विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय निहन्तुं मधुकैटभौ
कर्तृपदम् – देवी with विशेषणम्s
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
1. तामसी – तमोगुणवती
2. स्तुता, (praised) क्तान्तम् पदम् कर्मण्यर्थे
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
स्तुता is part of adjective clause for कर्तृपदम्.
Let us complete this clause as we do अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q - कथं स्तुता?
A - एवं स्तुता, praised thus
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – केन एवं स्तुता? Praised thus by whom?
A - वेधसा एवं स्तुता, praised thus by Brahma
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Note – Like कर्मणिप्रयोगः, in क्तान्तम् clauses also, कर्तृपदम् तृतीयाविभक्तौ भवति ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – कस्मै / किमर्थं वेधसा एवं स्तुता?
A - विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय वेधसा एवं स्तुता, praised thus by Brahma to awaken Vishnu
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – किं कर्तुम् एवम् स्तुता? Add the तुमुन्नन्तम् – निहन्तुम्, (नि + हन्तुम्), to kill
“मधुकैटभौ निहन्तुम्”, to kill Madhu and Kaitabha
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
मधुकैटभौ निहन्तुं विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय वेधसा एवं स्तुता”,
praised thus by Brahma to awaken Vishnu to kill Madhu and Kaitabha
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
इदानीं श्लोकस्य अन्वयः -
तदा, मधुकैटभौ निहन्तुं विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय, वेधसा एवं स्तुता, तामसी देवी
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>> Then, praised thus by Brahma to awaken Vishnu to kill Madhu and Kaitabha, the Goddess in tamsic form.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Remember this is only part of अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Verse 70
Now include Verse 70:
नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यस्तथोरसः ।
निर्गम्य दर्शने तस्थौ ब्रह्मणोऽव्यक्तजन्मनः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
a straight case here---
पदच्छेदः
नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः तथा उरसः निर्गम्य दर्शने तस्थौ ब्रह्मणः अव्यक्तजन्मनः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – कुतः निर्गम्य? Exitted from where
A – नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः तथा उरसः निर्गम्य
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
क्रियापदम् – तस्थौ, stood
ल्यबन्तम् – निर्गम्य्, having exitted (We first complete this clause)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः - समस्तपदम्
नेत्र - eyes, आस्य - mouth, नासिका - nose बाहु - hand हृदय - heart
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
तेभ्यः - नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
तथा and उरसः, like wise from chest
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
“नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः तथा उरसः निर्गम्य”
having exitted from (Lord’s) eyes, face, nose, hands, heart and chest.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Start अन्वयः including the कर्तृपदम् from previous Verse -
तदा .... देवी दर्शने तस्थौ।Then Goddess, (Yoganidra)stood in sight (in front of)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q - तदा .... देवी कस्य दर्शने तस्थौ? Stood in front of whom?
A - तदा ... देवी अव्य्क्तजन्मनः ब्रह्मणः दर्शने तस्थौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>>> Then Goddess stood in front of the self born Brahma (borne of आव्यक्तः)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Now complete the अन्वयः in steps.
First the कर्तृपदम् & विश्षणम् from previous verse:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
तदा, मधुकैटभौ निहन्तुं विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय वेधसा एवं स्तुता, तामसी देवी अव्यक्तजन्मनः ब्रह्मणः दर्शने तस्थौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>> Tamasi Devi, praised thus by Brhma to awaken Vishnu for killing Madhu and kaitabha, stood in front of the self born Brahma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Now add the ल्यबन्तम् to get –
मधुकैटभौ निहन्तुं विष्णोः प्रबोधनार्थाय वेधसा एवं स्तुता तामसी देवी, >>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
नेत्रास्यनसिकाबाहुहृदयेभ्यः तथा उरसः निर्गम्य,
अव्यक्तजन्मनः ब्रह्मणः दर्शने तस्थौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
महामाया योगनिद्रा, pleased by Brahma’s prayers, leaves Vishnu and appeared in front of Brahma.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
I am ready for next verse. What about you all?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Verse 71
And now the Lord is awake- Verse 71:
उत्तस्थौ सः जगन्नाथस्तया मुक्तो जनार्दनः ।
एकार्णवेऽहिशयनात् ततः स ददृशे च तौ ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
पदच्छेदः
उत्तस्थौ सः जगन्नाथः तया मुक्तः जनार्दनः एकार्णवेऽहिशयनात् ततः सः ददृशे च तौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
श्लोके द्वे क्रियापदे स्तः, 2 verbs
- उत्तस्थौ, Got up, (उत् + तस्थौ), लिट्, प्र.पु, ए.व
- ददृशे, saw लिट्, प्र.पु, ए.व
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
See ददृशे here @SNChd not ददर्श
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
अन्वयः प्रथमवाक्यम् –
कर्तृपदम् – जनार्दनः, Vishnu with विशेषणम्s -
सः, जगन्नाथः, Lord of the world and मुक्तः, released (क्तान्तंम्)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
We complete this क्तान्तम् - मुक्तः clause first.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q - कया मुक्तः? Released by whom?
A - तया मुक्तः । Realeased by her (Tamasi Devi - Yoganidra)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
अन्वयरचना –
तया मुक्तः जगन्नाथः सः जनार्दनः उत्तस्थौ । Released by her, (Yoganidra), Janardana, the lord of the worlds, got up.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Interesting - जगन्नाथः, Lord of the whole world, being released by महामाया – He was under her control till now.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – कस्मात् उत्तस्थौ? got up from where?
A – महार्णवे अहिशयनात् उत्तस्थौ, got up from Snake bed (Sesha) in the great ocean
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
So we get:
तया मुक्तः सः, जगन्नाथः जनार्दनः महार्णवे अहिशयनात् उत्तस्थौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>> Released by her, (Yoganidra), Janardana, the lord of the worlds, got up from his bed, Sesha in the great ocean.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
अन्वयः द्वितीयवाक्यम् –
क्रियापदम् – ददृशे ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
ततः सः तौ ददृशे च । And he saw them (the two demons मधुकैटभौ)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Vishnu sees the demons coming to kill Brahama.
What follows is a prolonged fight for 5000 years between them with no results.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
That is when मायादेवी deludes the demons with her माया -
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Verse 74
Verse 74:
तावप्यतिबलोन्मत्तौ महामायाविमोहितौ ।
उक्तवन्तौ वरोऽस्मत्तो व्रियतामिति केशवम् ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Note these Sandhis here - तावप्यतिबलोन्मत्तौ
तौ + अपि = तावपि – यान्तावान्तादेशसन्धिः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
तावपि + अतिबलोन्मत्तौ = तावप्यतिबलोन्मत्तौ – यण् सन्धिः ।
वरः + अस्मत्तः = वरोऽस्मत्तो, विसर्गसन्धिः, पूर्वरूपसन्धिश्च ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
पदच्छेदः
तौ अपि अतिबलोन्मत्तौ महामायाविमोहितौ उक्तवन्तौ वरः अस्मत्तः व्रियताम् इति केशवम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Verbs –
1. उक्तवन्तौ This is not a लकारः but क्तवतु प्रत्ययान्तम् पदम्, used in place of verb in past tense.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
2. व्रियताम्, लोट् लकारः, प्र. ए.व (this is part of कर्मवाचकम् - see इति in the verse)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – कीदृशौ तौ? Take the adjectives:
- अतिबलोन्मत्तौ, intoxicated by their superior strength
- & महामायाविमोहितौ , deluded by महामाया
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
We get -
अतिबलोन्मत्तौ अपि, महामायाविमोहितौ तौ केशवम् उक्तवन्तौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>> Intoxicated with their superior strength and deluded by Mahamaya, they told Keshava.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Q – किम् उक्तवन्तौ?
Take the कर्मवाचकम् –
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
- व्रियताम्, may be sought - क्रियपदम्, कर्मणिप्रयोगे लोट् लकारः प्र.पु, ए.व ।
- कर्मपदम् – (प्रथमविभक्तिपदम्) वरः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
“वरः व्रियताम्” । boon may be sought.
Q – कस्मात् वरः व्रियताम्? From whom?
A – “अस्मत्तः वरः व्रियताम्” । boon may be sought from us.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
कर्तृपदम् नास्ति – (त्वया) इति अध्याहारं कुर्मः ।
“(त्वया) अस्मत्तः वरः व्रियताम्” । Boon may be sought by you from us.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Here it seems the reverse. Demons telling the lord that he may seek a boon.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
That is what happens to people intoxicated with power.
विनाशकाले विपरीतबुद्धिः, किल?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
श्लोकान्वयः
अतिबलोन्मत्तौ अपि, महामायाविमोहितौ तौ “(त्वया) अस्मत्तः वरः व्रियताम्” इत्ति केशवम् उक्तवन्तौ ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
>>> Intoxicated with their superior strength and deluded by Mahamaya, they told Keshava that a boon may be sought from them.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
@PnNamboo Also, like the Titans/gods, aren't the asuras also brothers of the devas Sir? Also very powerful and accomplished?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 18, 2014
@RohiniBakshi दितेः अदितेश्च पुत्राः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Vishnu seeks a simple boon but what is it was?
Wait for another session. Bcoz thtas all the time we had today.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
With that it is end of today's session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
@PnNamboo Thank you very much Sir! We shall wait eagerly for your next session, and to find out what the simple boon Vishnu sought was!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 18, 2014
@RohiniBakshi सर्वे जानन्ति - प्रसिद्धा एव एषा कथा ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Thanks everybody.
and over to @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 18, 2014
Please join my in thanking @PnNamboo for his time and effort today.Request him to come back soon to help us navigate the waters of #Sanskrit
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 18, 2014
