#SanskritAppreciationHour - 28.11.14 Notes on Visarga Sandhi from BG 1.4 - 1.6

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 28.11.14 Notes on Visarga Sandhi from BG 1.4 - 1.6

By Rohini Bakshi

Today's #SAH #śloka http://t.co/Mj1i7gdGNd Will be accompanied by #SAH at 3.30pm India time. Do join in if you are free!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

SatSriAkal & welcome all to #SAH to the one space where you don't have look over your shoulder as you deepen your engagement with #Sanskrit!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Today's "A śloka a day" #SAH #SanskritGrammar http://t.co/Mj1i7gdGNd Enjoy #Sanskrit!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

I had actually planned to continue with the Shunashepa story today, but as I worked on today's Śloka I realised it needed much explanation.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

If you have not seen, here it is it http://t.co/Mj1i7gdGNd and no prizes for guessing what today's #SAH will be about. Ok. Guess! :-D
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Today's session is about visarga sandhi, the way we do it at #SAH. Online you might find something like this perhaps https://t.co/tS98FN7iuI
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Or if you decide to use a text book for visarga sandhi, you might find something like this: pic.twitter.com/TlrQa7Sa6H
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Now both the examples I have given you are excellent in their own way, but pose problems for the beginner of comprehension,and erm...boredom
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

So let us now go back to BG 1.4-6 which are today's text,& see how visarga sandhi operates in action. Shall we being? #SanskritAppreciation
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

First of all beginners may note that these verses are in the nominative/prathamA vibhakti, quite a rarity and a good opportunity to learn.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि =अत्र here शूरा heroes महेष्वासा great archers भीमार्जुनसमा equal to Bhima/Arjuna युधि in battle.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Now let's see what has happened to the visargas, which you are 99% bound to find in the masculine nominative. I hope you have the page open?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

अत्र here शूराः (visarga dropped before म of महेष्वासाः महेष्वासाः mighty archers>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

भीमार्जुनसमाः equal to Bhīma and Arjuna (visarga dropped before the य of युधि) in battle. Already you have learned a rule of visarga sandhi!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

युयुधानो विराटश् च द्रुपदश् च महारथः Here, युयुधानः becomes युयुधानो before विराटः and विराटः becomes विराटश् before the च. Simply put>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

> If you memorise a verse, automatically you will know what a visarga is going to do in a sandhi situation. What are the rules that govern>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

>once those examples are already in your head, you won't even have to memorise the rules! And that is the beauty of this approach #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

I shall leave you all to go through today's text peacefully http://t.co/Mj1i7gdGNd and then go through the sandhi rules which I first posted
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

3 things are of note in what must be the most boring ślokas in the Gita from a philosophical point of view!! 1: nominative/prathamA vibhakti
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

2. Visarga rules and 3 which we will now touch upon, the placement and role of च​ in a sentence. it means 'and' but if you see it between>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

a noun and an adjective,it is a connector rather than meaning 'and' for instance in विराटश् च द्रुपदश् च महारथःthe first च means 'and' while
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

द्रुपदश् च महारथः here it means the great warrior (mahArathi) Drupad. #SanskritAppreciationHour #SanskritGrammar So even a boring verse can>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

yield a lot of knowledge, if you only know where to look.Now let us proceed to the characters. Why is Duryodhana pointing out all these men?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

I invite @ksmsundaram1975 @Mamdhata to join in if free, and share with us information about the Pāṇḍava-allies for our knowledge. I will>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

add information about the meaning of their names.I think since Drona has been the teacher of both sides,perhaps Duryodhana is trying to tell
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

Him how powerful the other side is, and perhaps hinting that Drona needs to stay on track and totally focused? What do you think? #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

युयुधानः is the son of Satyaka, and the name means 'anxious to fight' (BG 1.4)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

विराटः is a warrior king with whom the Pāṇḍava's once took refuge. The name is of a district in India. Does anyone know it's modern name?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

We all know who द्रुपदः was, but did you know his name means the one whose steps are rapid? Like drut laya in a raaga #SanskritAppreciation
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

धृष्टकेतुः his name means 'bold leader' while चेकितानः means 'highly intelligent' #SanskritAppreciation. Who says 'what's in a name!' :-)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

पुरुजित् means 'he who conquers widely' and could the experts tell me of other nouns with this form? I'm at a loss to think of one.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

शैब्यः is the king of the Śibis, and you can see how it is constructed like कौन्तेय from कुन्ती and सौभद्रः from सुभद्रा #SanskritGrammar
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

And notice नरपुंगवः - best among men lit. a bull amongst men. In Ramayana 1.1 Naarada was called मुनिपुङ्गव​ if you recall...
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

युधामन्युः means 'fighting with spirit' while उत्तमौजः means of the highest, or best power' & all of them are महारथाः #SanskritAppreciation
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Is this पुरु ययाति-s son or different?
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) November 28, 2014

@haritirumalai He was the ruler of Kuntibhoj. Arjuna's maternal uncle.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

So there you go. 3 seemingly boring verses that we normally skip over when we read the BG because we are (rightly) so keen to get to>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

> the best bits, and there are so many of them!. But even these 3 verses have so much to teach- grammar,word meaning pic.twitter.com/dmWjle4U81
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

I know grammar is dry and dull, but at some stage you have to get your head around it. So sweeten it! Read texts and let the grammar come>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

And that's all I have to say for today. Do go through http://t.co/Mj1i7gdGNd #SAH's 'A śloka a day' and stay well! Ciao for now.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 28, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 27.11.14 - Devi Mahatmyam Ch 1, verses 75 to 80 - 3rd session

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 27.11.14 - Devi Mahatmyam Ch 1, verses 75 to 80

By Narayanan Namboodiri ‏

This is part 3 of Chapter 1 in the series. See Part 1 and Part 2

Sat Sri Akal and welcome all, to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour with our favourite teacher @PnNamboo :-) Welcome, Sir!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

धन्यवादः @Rohinibakshi and Hello everyone !!
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

सर्वेभ्यः नमस्काराः, संस्कृतास्वादने सुस्वागतम् च । Ready for another session on देवीमाहात्म्यम् ?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Today we conclude a few more verses to conclude Chapater 1.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

In last few sessions, we have been discussing तामसाविर्भवः of the Goddess:
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

- Brahma seated on the lotus fron Vishnu’s navel prays to महामाया seeing demons Madhu & Kaitabha coming to kill him.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

- Pleased with Brahma's prayers, the Goddess, योगनिद्रा exits from Lord Vishnu to enable killing of the demons
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

- After a prolonged battle between Lord Vishnu and the two demons, the demons under the influence of Maya, grants a boon to Lord Vishnu.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

And we are curious to know the boon sought by the Lord, right? It was a simple boon for the seeker but not so for the sought.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Verse 75: भवेतामद्य मे तुष्टौ मम वध्यावुभावपि । किमन्येन वरेणात्र एतावद्धि वृतं मया ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Please note Sandhis here: वध्यौ + उभौ = वध्यावुभौ - यान्तावन्तादेश सन्धिः वध्यावुभौ + अपि = वध्यावुभावपि - यान्तावन्तादेश सन्धिः >>>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

वरेण + अत्र = वरेणात्र – सवर्णदीर्घसन्धिः एतावत् + हि = एतावद्धि - जश्त्वसन्धिः, पूर्वसवर्णसन्धिश्च
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Let us do पदच्छेदः first- भवेताम् अद्य मे तुष्टौ मम वध्यौ उभौ अपि किम् अन्येन वरेण अत्र एतावत् हि वृतम् मया ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अत्र वाक्यत्रयम् अस्ति । 3 sentences in the verse: >>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Finding the verbs

1. क्रियापदम् –भवेताम्, विधिलिङ् लकारः, प्र.पु, द्विवचनम् । 2. किम् इति प्रश्नवाक्यम् 3. वृतम् – क्त्वान्तम् पदम् – कर्मणि भूतकालार्थे
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः प्रथमवाक्यम् – Start with, उभौ अपि मम (हस्तेन) वध्यौ भवेताम् । Let both (of you) be killed by me.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अत्र (हस्तेन) इति अध्याहारः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

There is a clause here – अद्य, उभौ तुष्टौ (यदि), if you both are now pleased with me (my fighting skills)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Adding thiscluase, we get – अद्य उभौ तुष्टौ (यदि), उभौ अपि मम (हस्तेन) वध्यौ भवेताम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Meaning --- If you are pleased with me, let both of you be killed by me.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Want #SanskritGrammar explanations in English? Yes/No? Prefer #Sanskrit? Get both on #SanskritAppreciation @PnNamboo pic.twitter.com/cp78JCQU9x
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः द्वितीयवाक्यम् – प्रश्नवाक्यम् अत्र अन्येन वरेण किम्? Here (in this fight), what use by any other boon?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

True no? In a fight you want the enemy to be killed. Simple !!
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः तृतीयवाक्यम् मया एतावत् हि वृतम् – That is all (the only boon) sought by me.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः now complete. Any Questions?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अद्य उभौ तुष्टौ (यदि), उभौ अपि मम (हस्तेन) वध्यौ भवेताम् । अत्र अन्येन वरेण किम्? मया एतावत् हि वृतम् |
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Hope the meaning is also clear. Shall we proceed?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo वृतम् from the same root from which we get vara - a boon, and the chosen (spouse), no Sir?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Having granted the boon, the demons now cannot go back on the promise.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Realising that they have been tricked, the desperate demons now make a strange request.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Here is Verse 77: प्रीतौ स्वस्तव युद्धेन श्लाघ्यस्त्वं मृत्युरावयोः । आवां जहि न यत्रोर्वी सलिलेन परिप्लुता ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

The demon's response.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

पदच्छेदः प्रीतौ स्वः तव युद्धेन, श्लाघ्यः त्वम् मृत्युः आवयोः, आवाम् जहि न यत्र उर्वी सलिलेन परिप्लुता ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Again three sentences, listed as three lines in पदच्छेदः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Will some one please point out the Verb/s in the verse?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@RohiniBakshi That would be unfair. Shall we sya tghese demons were "fair"?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

waiting for the verbs.....
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Hello, everyone, following @PnNamboo doing #SanskritHour, try to find the verbs in the verses!!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

@RohiniBakshi lot of typos, yes fair demons they were. and remember मायामोहितौ च
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Well these are the क्रियापदम्s here: 1. स्वः, are लट् लकारः, उत्तमपुरुषः द्विवचनम् । 2. जहि, kill लोट् लकारः, मध्यमपुरुषः, ए.व ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

For the third sentence, we do अध्याहारः – See अन्वयरचना below.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः प्रथमवाक्यम् – Let us start with : (आवां) प्रीतौ स्वः । We both are pleased.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Q – केन आवां प्रीतौ स्वः? Pleased by what? A - तव युद्धेन आवां प्रीतौ स्वः । We are pleased with your fight (skill in fight)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

And thats the अन्वयः - प्रथमवाक्यम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Now अन्वयः द्वितीयवाक्यम् – Start अन्वयः with अध्याहारः as follows: त्वम् (असि) । You are
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Q – त्वम् आवयोः कीदृशः मृत्युः असि? A - त्वम् आवयोः श्लाघ्यः मृत्युः असि । You are our laudable death
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Why not? Death at Lord’s hands is laudable, no? And now you agree they are "fair demons"? @RohiniBakshi
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Now अन्वयः तृतीयवाक्यम् – Start with: (त्वम्) आवाम् जहि । you may kill us
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo श्लाघ्यः from the root श्लाघ् to praise, glorify, eulogise. death which is yah sab karne yogya.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Q – कुत्र? Where A – यत्र उर्वी सलिलेन न परिप्लुता । Where earth is not filled with water
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

So, we get - यत्र उर्वी सलिलेन न परिप्लुता (तत्र), त्वम् आवाम् जहि । You may kill us in a place not filled with water.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo both the devas and asuras in our texts are shown as fair and unfair. Our texts are unique, honest, realistic that way,I must say.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Seeing the प्रलयः, with water everywhere, they thought this could be their escape route.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

And Lord Vishnu agrees staright away. See Verse 78: तथेत्युक्त्वा भगवता शङ्खचक्रगदाभृता । कृत्वा चक्रेण वै छिन्ने ऊरुस्थे शिरसी तयोः ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Before we take up this verse.. प्रश्नाः सन्ति वा?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Hope the meanings of the verses, so far are clear to every one.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अग्रे सराम वा? Shall we proceed with the analysis of the next vers?
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

As usual the पदच्छेदः first ---> तथा इति उक्त्वा भगवता शङ्खचक्रगदाभृता कृत्वा चक्रेण वै छिन्ने ऊरुस्थे शिरसी तयोः ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Here again छिन्ने, cut off - क्तान्तम् पदम् (नपुं, द्विवचनम्) This is used in place of a verb, in past tense .
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

If you wish we can do अध्याहारः like this for clarity - छिन्ने (अभवताम्) ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

See the क्त्वान्तम्s in the verse – 1. उक्त्वा, having told तथा (अस्तु) – “तथास्तु इति उक्त्वा” having said, “Let it be so”
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Lord agreeing to their request that they be killed in a place not filled with water.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

2. कृत्वा, having made “तयोः शिरसी ऊरुस्थे कृत्वा”, having placed their heads on the thigh
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

ऊरुस्थे - समस्तपदम् ऊरौ स्थितम् = ऊरुस्थम्, (placed on thigh) ऊरुस्थे इति द्विवचनम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Note - तयोः & शिरसी also in द्विवचनम् referring to the two demons.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

See the following क्त्वानत् – छिन्ने also in matching द्विवचनम् (नपुं) ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Lord thus fulfilled the promise given. HE stood up and his thighs were out of the waters.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo un [donon] ke [2] heads ko ... pic.twitter.com/E6CLVGYjXH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

2. कृत्वा, having made “तयोः शिरसी ऊरुस्थे कृत्वा”, having placed their heads on the thigh
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Start अन्वयः with: (तयोः) शिरसी छिन्ने वै । Their heads were cut off. Note – “वै” has no special meaning here, used for emphasis.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Q - केन तयोः शिरसी छिन्ने वै, by whom? Take the कर्तृपदम् & विशेषणम् ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

A – शङ्खचक्रगदाभृता भगवता (तयोः) शिरसी छिन्ने वै । Their heads were cut off by the Lord adorned
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

>>> with Shankha (Conch), (Sudarshana) Chakra and Gada (Mace) –
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

HE took this glorious form and stood up from the waters of the ocean.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo emphasis, and sometimes just for metrical completion, isn't it Sir.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Q – केन? By what? A – चक्रेण, by the Sudarshana Chakra
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

So we get, शङ्खचक्रगदाभृता भगवता चक्रेण तयोः शिरसी छिन्ने वै ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Adding the 2 क्त्वानत्म् clauses, we get श्लोकान्वयः as - >>>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

तथास्तु इति उक्त्वा, शङ्खचक्रगदाभृता भगवता चक्रेण तयोः शिरसी ऊरुस्थे कृत्वा चक्रेण छिन्ने वै ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

>>>> Having said, “let it be so” and placing their heads on his thigh, the heads were cut off with the Chakra by the Lord >>>
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

>>> adorned with Sankha (Conch), (Sudarshana) Chakra and Gada (Mace).
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

I have one more verse for today- Verse 80: तयोस्तु मेदसा राजन् विष्णुना कल्पिता मही । मेदिनीति ततः संज्ञामवापेत्थं वसुन्धरा ॥
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo Of course, Sir. Please go ahead. This is such excellent learning for everyone in a course, or who wants to be. #Sanskrit
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

पदच्छेदः तयोः तु मेदसा राजन् विष्णुना कल्पिता मही मेदिनी इति ततः संज्ञाम् अवाप इत्थं वसुन्धरा ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

2 sentences here also with - 1 – कल्पिता, made- created (क्तान्तम्, कर्मणि भूतकालार्थे) 2 – अवाप, got (अव + आप) लिट्, प्र.पु, ए.व)
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Note –अन्वये सम्बोधना प्रायः वाक्यारम्भे भवति । सम्बोधना is taken in the beginning of अन्वयः
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Remember, Sage Sumedhas is narrating the story and here addresses King Suratha.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Q - केन विष्णुना तु मही कल्पिता? By what was earth created? A - तयोः मेदसा । From their (Madhu & Kaitabha’s) fat
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Now we get – राजन्! विष्णुना तु तयोः मेदसा मही कल्पिता । Oh King! Earth was created by Vishnu from their fat.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

I learned a new word today tx to @PnNamboo मेदस् marrow, fat http://t.co/DksivrmNRP #SanskritAppreciationHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

अन्वयः द्वितीयवाक्यम् – क्रियापदम् – अवाप, got कर्तृपदम् – वसुन्धरा, Earth
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

अन्वयरचना – Start with - वसुन्धरा मेदिनी इति संज्ञां अवाप । The earth got the name मेदिनी
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Add these words – - ततः = because of that (as it was created from their मेदस्) - इत्थं, like this
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@RohiniBakshi and the reason for a पर्यायपदम् also...
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

How the earth get its name  मेदिनी

Now we get, ततः इत्थं वसुन्धरा मेदिनी इति संज्ञां अवाप । Because of that, earth got the name मेदिनी like this.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

श्लोकान्वयः – राजन्! विष्णुना तु तयोः मेदसा मही कल्पिता । ततः इत्थं वसुन्धरा मेदिनी इति संज्ञां अवाप ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Recall that these demons were विष्णुकर्णमलोद्भूतौ - formed out of the dirt from the Lord Vishnu.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo Lord Vishnu's ears..
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

And that itself was the essence of the earth dissolved in the deluge waters.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo So, we consume मधुकैटभ's मेदस् to grow-up??
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) November 27, 2014

And now from the demon’s fat only, earth gets formed once again by the Lord’s कल्पना.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo from the dirt from his ear, no, Sir?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Chapter 1 has one more Verse where age promises to continue narration,देवीमाहत्मयम्, the Glory of the Goddess.But we are running out of time
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Yes,
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@RohiniBakshi Yes, I used the translation of विष्नुकर्णमलम्
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

With that we come to the end of todays session.
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

Thanks everyone for your patience. धन्यवादः पुनर्मिलाम ।
— Narayanan Namboodiri (@PnNamboo) November 27, 2014

@PnNamboo Thank you so very much indeed Sir! Despite your busy schedule, you always manage to find time for the followers of #SanskritHour
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

Pl join me in extending heart-felt thanks to @PnNamboo for his time effort, his good nature :-) and for his expertise in teaching #Sanskrit
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 27, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 25.11.14 - Rudrashtakam - Verses 5 to 8

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 25.11.14 - Rudrashtakam - Verses 5 to 8

By Rohini Bakshi

Link to the first part - verses 1 to 4 here

#SanskritAppreciationHour in 10 minutes. We'll complete the remaining verses of #Rudrāṣṭakam today. Do join me if you can! (6pm India)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

You can listen to #Rudrāṣṭakam here ahead of the session https://t.co/eo1q9SIGcY Saare din ki thakaan door ho jayegi! #Sanskrit
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Sat Sri Akal and welcome all to today's session of #SanskritAppreciationHour. Today we continue with and complete #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

In the last session we did verses 1-4 of #Rudrāṣṭakam and stopped at the half way point. Today we do 5-8. Say hello if you're following!!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

प्रचण्डं प्रकृष्टं प्रगल्भं परेशं अखण्डं अजं भानुकोटिप्रकाशं । त्र्यःशूलनिर्मूलनं शूलपाणिं भजेऽहं भवानीपतिं भावगम्यम् Verse 5 #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Shall we translate verse 5? Let's begin. Say out loud and notice the अलङ्कार - it's called अनुप्रास Can anyone tell me what this is? #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

The first job we have always as @PnNamboo has taught us is to locate the verb and the doer of the action भजे अहं - I revere>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Because the verse hangs together with भजे अहं - I revere, the object of reverence, i.e. Shiva - will always be in dviteeyA/accusative.IMP
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

प्रचण्डं - the fierce,the terrible प्रकृष्टं - the distinguished,the cultivated प्रगल्भं - the bold,confident परेशं - the highest,best Lord
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

अखण्डं - whole,un-fragmented अजं - unborn i.e. without a beginning like a human would have>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

भानुकोटिप्रकाशं who has the brilliance of a crore suns. Notice since it is a compound, all case relationships are hidden. Vibhakti is lupta
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

त्र्यःशूल+निर्मूलनं he who has the trident which uproots>>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Tri shUla here also means @RohiniBakshi 3 sharp objects that pierce referring to AdhyAtmika, Adiboutika & Adidaivika kleshas suffered by us
— Mamdhata (@Mamdhata) November 25, 2014

त्र्यःशूलनिर्मूलनं is often interpreted as uprooting the three gunas of which prakRti, the material cause is made of #साङ्ख्य #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

शूलपाणिं he who has a spear/trident in his hand, भवानीपतिं the Lord of Bhavani भावगम्यम् he who is approachable through sentiment, emotion
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

कलातीतकल्याण कल्पान्तकारी सदा सज्जनानन्ददाता पुरारी । चिदानन्दसंदोह मोहापहारी प्रसीद प्रसीद प्रभो मन्मथारी ॥६॥ #Rudrāṣṭakam #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

कलातीत could be कल+अतीत or कला+अतीत experts can help here, but either way he transcends, goes beyond कल/​ कला. कल्याण Beneficial>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

कल्पान्तकारी the one who bring kalpa to an end, सदा always सज्जनानन्द the bliss of good people दाता the giver पुरारी destroyer of the cities
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Now of course you know everything is contextual purAri refers to Shiva destroying the 3 cities @ksmsundaram1975 can bring us up to speed!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

@samjignyasu I've taken it from http://t.co/gSK8oW6PNH Have problems which I tagged you in. Perhaps you can help?
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

@RohiniBakshi @samjignyasu Guessing if त्र्यः=> त्रयः will fix it!
— Hari Tirumalai (@haritirumalai) November 25, 2014

त्र्यःशूलनिर्मूलनं is often interpreted as uprooting the three gunas of which prakRti, the material cause is made of #साङ्ख्य #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

चिदानन्दसंदोह the multitude of the bliss of consciousness, मोहापहारी remover of moha, प्रसीद प्रसीद be gracious, प्रभो Lord मन्मथारी
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

मन्मथारी - the enemy/destroyer of मन्मथ i.e. Kaama deva, the one who churns the mind :-)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Now in the next verse, we are going to encounter a यावत् तावत् construction. Which means till this xyz, then then abc will/wont happen
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न यावद् उमानाथपादारविन्दं भजन्तीह लोके परे वा नराणाम् । न तावत्सुखं शान्ति सन्तापनाशं प्रसीद प्रभो सर्वभूताधिवासं ॥७॥ #Rudrāṣṭakam #SAH
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न यावद् उमानाथपादारविन्दं till the lotus-feet of Uma's Lord are not भजन्तीह लोके परे वा नराणाम् praised in this world or the other by men>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न तावत्सुखं शान्ति सन्तापनाशं not till then, happiness, peace and destruction of affliction, pain, sorrow>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

प्रसीद be gracious प्रभो Lord सर्वभूताधिवासं dweller in all beings, he who dwells in all beings ॥७॥ #SanskritAppreciationHour #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

And now my daily refrain, since I'm not much educated in the paraphernalia of puja, but make up for it with bhakti (it's working so far!!)>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

The final verse: न जानामि योगं जपं नैव पूजां नतोऽहं सदा सर्वदा शम्भुतुभ्यम् । जराजन्मदुःखौघ तातप्यमानं प्रभो पाहि आपन्नमामीश शंभो ॥८॥
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

Some good sandhi practice in this last one. Beginners please note and try to unravel... #SanskritAppreciationHour #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

I always recall @PnNamboo at the start of every verse, and so should all of you: What is the verb? Who is the doer, the कर्ता?>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न जानामि - I don't know. And what don't I know? All of that will be in dviteeyA/accusative. Hindi speakers, please note>>>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न जानामि I don't know, I don't have knowledge of योगं जपं नैव nor even पूजां नतोऽहं सदा सर्वदा I bow always शम्भुतुभ्यम् to you Shambu.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

न जानामि I don't know, I don't have knowledge of योगं जपं नैव nor even पूजां नतोऽहं सदा सर्वदा I bow always शम्भुतुभ्यम् to you Shambu.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

@invest_mutual शम्भू इत्यपि पर्यायः आस्ति यस्य सम्बोधने शम्भु इति । So शम्भु ! तुभ्यम् seems fine. @RohiniBakshi @haritirumalai
— Ranga (@samjignyasu) November 25, 2014

जराजन्मदुःखौघ from the stream, multitude of sorrow of old age and birth>>>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

तातप्यमानं feeling violent pain, or anxiety, so altogether जराजन्मदुःखौघतातप्यमानं - me/the one who is afflicted this way>> पाहि protect
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

@sudarshanhs तातप्यते { तप् } is an intensive form. and the maana ending is the AP present participle - being in great anxiety.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

प्रभो Lord, पाहि protect आपन्नमामीश me from calamity शंभो Shambhu!!
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

That brings us to the end of today's session and of #Rudrāṣṭakam I hope you all enjoyed it, and that it will make the prayer more meaningful
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 25, 2014

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 21.11.14 - Rudrashtakam - Verses 1 to 4

#SanskritAppreciationHour - 21.11.14 - Rudrāṣṭakam of Goswami Tulsidas - Verses 1 to 4

By Rohini Bakshi

Sat Sri Akal and welcome all to this weeks final session of #SanskritAppreciationHour. We close the week with #Rudrāṣṭakam. I was sorely>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

>tempted to do something सूर्य​ after seeing @SNChd's #amarakosha tweets today, but then I thought he has already covered it so, let's do>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

#Rudrāṣṭakam was composed by Goswami Tulsidas, and features in the uttara kāṇḍa of the Rām Charit Mānas. Good practice for beginners #sandhi
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

And we're back! Carrying on #Rudrāṣṭakam, pl note śabda alaṃkāras e.g. अनुप्रास, the repetition of similar letters, syllables or words.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

नमामि ईशम् ईशान निर्वाणरूपम् विभुम् व्यापकम् ब्रह्मवेदस्वरूपम् निजम् निर्गुणम् निर्विकल्पम् निरीहम् चिदाकाशम् आकाशवासम् भजे अहम् [1]
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

I had earlier shared the text http://t.co/gSK8oW6PNH beginners would do well to examine/understand #sandhi by comparing with tweets.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

नमामि I bow ईशम् ईशान: to the Lord Īśāna निर्वाणरूपम् [twho is] the embodiment of nirvāṇa विभुम् [to him who is] powerful, mighty, ruler
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

व्यापकम् [to him who is] all pervading, ब्रह्मवेदस्वरूपम् [to him who is] the embodiment of Brahma and the Vedas >>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

निजम् [to him who is] innate,inborn निर्गुणम् [to him who is] without [material] qualities निर्विकल्पम् [who is] not wavering, not hesitant
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

निरीहम् [to him who is] desireless निर् √ ईह् चिदाकाशम् [to him who is] the universal soul आकाशवासम् [to him who] lives in the sky √वस्
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

Beginners note that vs is in dviteeyaa/accusative case,and now you know why because it all hangs together with भजे अहम् I revere, share with
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

Vs 2: निराकारम् ओंकारमूलम् तुरीयम् गिरा ज्ञान गोतीतम् ईशम् गिरिशम् करालम् महाकाल कालम् कृपालम् गुणागार संसारपारम् नतः अहम् #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

Verse one had भजे अहम् now we have नतः अहम् I [am] bowed/I bow, so even this verse is in the accusative/dviteeyaa vibhakti. Let's continue.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

निराकारम् [to him who is] formless;ओंकारमूलम् [to him who is] the root, the basis of Om, or has the form of Om and is the root (of all)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

तुरीयम् - [to him who is] the fourth state of the pure, impersonal Spirit; गिरा+ज्ञान+गोतीतम् surpassing (अति √इ) voice,knowledge & sense(s)
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

If the experts could please pitch in on the construction of गोतीत, I'd be grateful. It's not making sense to me.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

ईशम् - [to him who is] the Lord, master, गिरीशम् [to him who is] the Lord of the mountain @SNChd will recall a discussion about this title.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

करालम् [to him who is] formidable, terrible, fierce, महाकाल कालम् [to him who is] destroyer of time, and time itself
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

कृपालम् [to him who is] merciful, गुणागार [to him who is] the abode of qualities,संसारपारम् [to him who is] beyond this world
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

तुषार अद्रि संकाशम् गौरम् गभीरम् मनोभूत कोटिप्रभा श्रीशरीरम् स्फुरन् मौलि कलोलोनि चारु गङ्गा लसद् भाले बालेन्दु कण्ठे भुजङ्गा #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

तुषार+अद्रि +संकाशम् [to him who has the] appearance of a snowy mountain गौरम् - to him who is white, shining>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

गभीरम् - to him who is profound, sagacious, solemn मनोभूत - to him who is mind and being (or) the mind of beings
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

कोटिप्रभा - to him who is of immense brilliance श्रीशरीरम् - to him whose body is splendour [itself] >>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

स्फुरन् मौलि - [he, whose] crest, top-knot is स्फुरन् quivering, throbbing, palpitating; present participle of √स्फुर् >>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

कल्लोलिनी surging river चारु -pleasing,elegant, beautiful गङ्गा - Ganga [whose top knot is quivering with the surging, pleasing river Ganga]
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

Please note it is कल्लोलिनी I think the verse had a typo on this word.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

लसद् भाले - on his shining forehead बालेन्दु [is] the young moon कण्ठे - at his throat, भुजङ्गा - (often translated as) garlands of snakes
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

चलत्कुण्डलं भ्रूसुनेत्रं विशालं प्रसन्नाननं नीलकण्ठं दयालम् । मृगाधीशचर्माम्बरं मुण्डमालं प्रियं शङ्करं सर्वनाथं भजामि ॥४॥ #Rudrāṣṭakam
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

We are just about to begin translating and analysing verse 4 of #Rudrāṣṭakam on #SanskritAppreciationHour. Do join in if you haven't already
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

अहम् भजामि-I revere चलत्कुण्डलं Lord whose earrings are moving/swaying,भ्रूसुनेत्रं विशालं -[the Lord who has] beautiful&large eyes/eyebrows
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

प्रसन्नाननं-who has a happy countenance नीलकण्ठं-whose throat is blue दयालम्-who is merciful.
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

मृगाधीशचर्माम्बरं whose clothes are the skin of a tiger (Lord of the deer=tiger) मुण्डमालं who wears a garland of skulls
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

प्रियं शङ्करं सर्वनाथं beloved Lord of all, शङ्करं, शम्+कर = one who pacifies (अहम्) भजामि - I revere Verse 4 ends. #SanskritAppreciation
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

@shivoahm @RohiniBakshi शं (मंगल, कल्याण) करोतीति शङ्करः। हराय शिवाय च नमो नमः।
— नारायण श्रीहरि (@Haraye_namah) November 21, 2014

We've a few mins to go, but I'd like to stop here. We'll begin next week with verses 4 through 8 of #Rudrāṣṭakam. Better to absorb than rush
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

If you are inspired by today's session to learn #Sanskrit connect with @sudarshanhs to find a course near you. You can also register for>
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

.a distance learning course.There are many on the net, but I trust and respect http://t.co/oSnkGyiRxU Have a great Weekend all! Ciao for now
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014

#SAH 'a shloka a day' with full grammar starts next week #shatashlokiramayana https://t.co/mk4ihydgYA & #BhagvadGita https://t.co/9JEgh6xprQ
— Rohini Bakshi (@RohiniBakshi) November 21, 2014